Analysis of TNT and 2,4-DNT persistence and degradation in soils: insights from gas chromatographic quantification

Abstract

Military conflicts and explosive ordnance disposal often result in the accumulation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) in soils, posing significant environmental and health risks. These nitroaromatic compounds, widely used in munitions, can leach into groundwater, disrupt microbial communities, and persist for extended periods, leading to soil infertility and ecosystem imbalance. For humans, exposure through contaminated water or food chains may cause methemoglobinemia, liver damage, and carcinogenic effects, underscoring the urgent need for monitoring and remediation strategies in post-conflict zones.